{"id":8678,"date":"2026-06-11T13:28:00","date_gmt":"2026-06-11T11:28:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/elsc.support\/?post_type=blog&#038;p=8678"},"modified":"2026-06-11T14:28:53","modified_gmt":"2026-06-11T12:28:53","slug":"hostile-symbols-slogans-the-attack-on-palestinian-presence-in-europe","status":"publish","type":"blog","link":"https:\/\/elsc.support\/nl\/blog\/hostile-symbols-slogans-the-attack-on-palestinian-presence-in-europe\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201cHostile\u201d Symbols &amp;\u00a0Slogans:\u00a0The Attack on Palestinian\u00a0Presence\u00a0in Europe\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_ce49c3-64, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_ce49c3-64[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8678_ce49c3-64\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_ce49c3-64 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_ce49c3-64[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8678_ce49c3-64\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_ce49c3-64 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_ce49c3-64[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8678_ce49c3-64\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\r\n<p class=\"kt-adv-heading8678_ce49c3-64 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8678_ce49c3-64\">By ELSC Research\u00a0&amp; Monitoring\u00a0Department.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_df8bef-33, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_df8bef-33[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8678_df8bef-33\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_df8bef-33 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_df8bef-33[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8678_df8bef-33\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_df8bef-33 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_df8bef-33[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8678_df8bef-33\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\r\n<p class=\"kt-adv-heading8678_df8bef-33 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8678_df8bef-33\"><em>Attempts to erase Palestinian symbols and slogans from public spaces are part of a longer history of Zionist genocidal efforts not only to criminalise but to eradicate Palestinian presence itself. In this blog post, the ELSC Monitor and Research Department draws on insights from its transnational public database, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.index-of-repression.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>Index of Repression<\/em><\/a>, to reflect on the politics of presence and disappearance of Palestinian slogans and symbols across Europe.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Last month, Germany\u2019s Domestic Intelligence Agency (Ver\u00adfas\u00adsungs\u00adschutz) released its latest <a href=\"https:\/\/www.verfassungsschutz.de\/SharedDocs\/hintergruende\/DE\/auslandsbezogener-extremismus\/saekularer-propalaestinensischer-extremismus.html%C2%A0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">assessment<\/a> on what it calls \u201csecular pro-Palestinian extremism\u201d, claiming that \u201cpro-Palestinian individuals and groups in Germany\u201d demonstrate a \u201cpronounced hatred of Israel and antisemitism\u201d. The list of \u201cextremist\u201d symbols and slogans includes Handala, a cartoon depicting <a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Aladdin-Assaiqeli\/publication\/349176508_Palestine_in_Visual_Representation_A_Visual_Semiotic_Analysis_of_the_Nakba\/links\/6023eff892851c4ed562ed3c\/Palestine-in-Visual-Representation-A-Visual-Semiotic-Analysis-of-the-Nakba.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u201ca ten-year-old barefooted, raggedly dressed homeless Palestinian refugee camp child &#8230; an icon of resistance and a symbol of homelessness and injustice\u201d<\/a>. The chant \u201cYalla Yalla <em>intifada<\/em>\u201d and the \u201csymbolism of a cut watermelon\u201d are also listed, as well as the slogan \u201cFrom the river to the sea, Palestine will be free\u201d (FTRTTS) \u2013 all on the grounds that they <em>might <\/em>constitute \u201ca call for violent resistance\u201d and a denial of \u201cIsrael\u2019s right to exist\u201d.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">What does it mean when a state criminalises the very symbols and slogans through which a dispossessed people asserts its presence? And who holds the power to decide what a symbol means?\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has--font-size\"><strong>Before the\u00a0Verfassungsschutz<\/strong>\u00a0<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The criminalisation<sup>1<\/sup> of Palestinian slogans in Germany did not begin with this assessment, nor with the FTRTTS slogan. But the trajectory of FTRTTS is instructive. Its policing long predates the Verfassungsschutz&#8217;s assessment, as well as its effective proscription following the November 2023 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bmi.bund.de\/SharedDocs\/pressemitteilungen\/EN\/2023\/11\/banned-hamas-samidoun.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ban on Hamas and Samidoun<\/a>. The phrase \u2013 which calls for liberation, return, and the end of a settler colonial system that has fragmented Palestinians and their land since 1948 \u2013 was already subject to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.leftvoice.org\/how-germany-tries-to-ban-the-slogan-from-the-river-to-the-sea\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">increasing repression<\/a> before any formal ban existed.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The pattern of criminalisation preceding formal law is visible in a 2022 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.innenministerkonferenz.de\/IMK\/DE\/termine\/to-beschluesse\/2022-12-02\/anlage-zu-top-41.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&amp;v=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">report<\/a> by the Federal Conference of Interior Ministers. The report recommended a \u201cstandardised prosecution practice\u201d for expressions directed at \u201cthe safety or even the existence of the state of Israel\u201d, explicitly naming FTRTTS. Individuals were already deemed suspect, arrested, and investigated for the slogan before any legal consensus on its status existed. State repression, in other words, helps produce the very legal bases that then justify further repression.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Since the 2023 proscription of Hamas and Samidoun, public use of the slogan at demonstrations, on social media, or even on items sold at Christmas markets has been prosecuted under sections <a href=\"https:\/\/www.verfassungsschutz.de\/SharedDocs\/publikationen\/EN\/right-wing-extremism\/2022-07-right-wing-extremism-symbols-and-organisations.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&amp;v=12\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">86a<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gesetze-im-internet.de\/englisch_stgb\/englisch_stgb.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">140<\/a> of the German Criminal Code.<sup>2<\/sup> But German courts have issued conflicting rulings. In 2023, the Higher Administrative Court in Berlin affirmed the slogan\u2019s prohibition, arguing that it could be interpreted as a call for the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lto.de\/recht\/hintergruende\/h\/ag-berlin-tiergarten-261bcs103724-palaestina-from-the-river-to-the-sea\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u201cviolent elimination of the state of Israel\u201d<\/a>. In contrast, in 2024, the Higher Administrative Court in Bremen <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lto.de\/recht\/hintergruende\/h\/ovg-bremen-1b16324-palaestina-demonstration-versammlung-parole-from-the-river-to-the-sea\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ruled<\/a> that the slogan does not constitute a threat to public safety. This legal inconsistency enables broad and ambiguous practices of criminalisation because police, prosecutors, and institutions can choose to follow the stricter Berlin ruling when it suits them, while courts in other jurisdictions may impose no penalty at all. The uncertainty itself is an instrument to produce self-censorship.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_11c5fd-25_0, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_11c5fd-25_0[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8678_11c5fd-25_0\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_11c5fd-25_0 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_11c5fd-25_0[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8678_11c5fd-25_0\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_11c5fd-25_0 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_11c5fd-25_0[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8678_11c5fd-25_0\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\r\n<h2 class=\"kt-adv-heading8678_11c5fd-25_0 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8678_11c5fd-25_0\"><strong>Policing Memory<\/strong>\u00a0<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This inconsistent legal attack is only one layer of a broader assault on Palestinian political existence. Repression is also happening in public spaces where the logic of criminalisation takes on a different, often more insidious form. Commemorating the Nakba has repeatedly been <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/epdf\/10.1080\/19436149.2025.2554027?needAccess=true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">banned<\/a> by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amnesty.org\/en\/documents\/eur23\/7180\/2023\/en\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">police and public institutions<\/a> such as churches,<sup>3<\/sup> and presenting oneself as Palestinian, especially in schools,<sup>4<\/sup> routinely invokes social condemnation <a href=\"https:\/\/geschichtedergegenwart.ch\/ueber-den-schmerz-des-verschweigens-palaestinenserinnen-in-deutschland-und-in-der-schweiz\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">in Germany<\/a>.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Memory is always a battleground over which histories are legible and which must be suppressed. Palestinian memory \u2013 of the Nakba, dispossession, ongoing genocide \u2013 exceeds the authorised narratives of German remembrance culture. It cannot be accommodated, only disciplined and policed.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This also extends into sites of anti-fascist memory. The Buchenwald Memorial Foundation published an internal guidance document that classified the Kuffiyeh as an \u201cantisemitic\u201d symbol. The same document listed FTRTTS, \u201cstop the genocide\u201d, and the watermelon. A memorial to the victims of Nazism thus became a site where the symbols of an occupied and besieged people are treated as equivalent to fascist emblems. What makes this a particularly stark inversion is that Buchenwald is also a monument to the power of liberation, where the incarcerated organised, collected weapons, and took control over the concentration camp before US troops arrived on 11 April 1945.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_e0c5db-46_0, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_e0c5db-46_0[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8678_e0c5db-46_0\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_e0c5db-46_0 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_e0c5db-46_0[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8678_e0c5db-46_0\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_e0c5db-46_0 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_e0c5db-46_0[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8678_e0c5db-46_0\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\r\n<h2 class=\"kt-adv-heading8678_e0c5db-46_0 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8678_e0c5db-46_0\">A Transnational Pattern of Criminalisation<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Beyond Germany, the attack on Palestinian presence is systematic. As early as December 2023, British police arrested nine activists under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legislation.gov.uk\/ukpga\/1986\/64\/section\/18\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">section 18 of the Public Order Act 1986<\/a> for displaying a banner reading \u201cglobalise the <em>intifada<\/em>\u201d.<sup>5<\/sup> Last December, two people were arrested <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/articles\/cde65de81jgo#:~:text=Police%20have%20arrested%20two%20people,Palestinian%20protest%20in%20central%20London.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u201cfor racially aggravated public order offences\u201d after they allegedly \u201cshouted slogans involving calls for intifada\u201d<\/a>. And most recently, British Prime Minister Keir Starmer declared that anyone who says \u201cglobalise the <em>intifada<\/em>\u201d is calling for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/articles\/c78k1r7rd7ko\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u201cterrorism against Jews\u201d<\/a>. In France, a verdict expected this year may outlaw the public use of the word after a founding member of the French Palestine solidarity group <em>Urgence Palestine<\/em> was charged with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.middleeasteye.net\/opinion\/france-word-intifada-trial\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u201cincitement to antisemitic hatred and violence\u201d<\/a>.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Arabic word <em>intifada <\/em>simply means \u201cuprising\u201d. It has historically been used to <a href=\"https:\/\/ucw4palestine.org\/2026\/05\/12\/open-letter-opposing-criminalisation-of-the-slogan-globalise-the-intifada\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">describe popular struggles against injustice, colonial domination, and authoritarianism<\/a>. To claim that it is terrorist is a deliberate and demonstrably racist distortion that erases the way <em>intifada <\/em>has given life to a complex strategy of popular refusal. The first (1987 \u2013 1993) and second (2000 \u2013 2005) Palestinian uprisings were popular mobilisations against the structural and daily violence of settler colonialism. The attempt to criminalise the word is an attack against the very notion that the colonised may rise, organise, and refuse their own domination and erasure.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This pattern extends beyond words to symbols and colours. In 2025, a school in the UK dismissed a teacher for wearing a tie in the colours of the Palestinian flag, citing a breach of \u201cduty to remain politically impartial\u201d.<sup>6<\/sup> This invocation of neutrality is itself a technique of repression because it presents the colonial order as normal, protecting the visibility of the coloniser while demanding the invisibility of the colonised.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The scale of this repression is not limited to individual cases. Our data shows the systematic nature of the attack on Palestinian symbols and slogans. The <em>Index of Repression<\/em> currently contains 94 incidents that criminalise and smear FTRTTS (or variations thereof) as support for terrorism in Germany. Although the same slogan is not banned in Britain, it appears several times in the British dataset.<sup>7<\/sup> Wearing the Kuffiyeh has resulted in repressive acts 49 times in Germany and 11 times in Britain.<sup>8<\/sup><sup>i<\/sup> <a href=\"https:\/\/rightsforum.org\/de-cel-in-voor-het-zwaaien-met-een-palestijnse-vlag-deze-wet-maakt-het-mogelijk\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Across Europe<\/a>, the universe of banned symbols and slogans continues to expand.\u00a0 \u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_ac0cba-77_0, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_ac0cba-77_0[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8678_ac0cba-77_0\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_ac0cba-77_0 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_ac0cba-77_0[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8678_ac0cba-77_0\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_ac0cba-77_0 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_ac0cba-77_0[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8678_ac0cba-77_0\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\r\n<h2 class=\"kt-adv-heading8678_ac0cba-77_0 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8678_ac0cba-77_0\">What Is Really at Stake?<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Palestinian erasure happens on multiple fronts. In Gaza, the Zionist military is carrying out a genocide \u2013 the material manifestation of the negation of Palestinian life, the most brutal expression of a century-old project to erase a people from land, memory, and futurity. But negation does not operate only through bombs, bullets, and blockade. It also happens through the destruction of the very fabric that makes shared identity possible: symbols, words, memories, the right to appear \u2013 to be <em>present <\/em>\u2013 in public. Symbols and slogans are one important thread that holds Palestinianness together across time and space\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The 1948 Nakba was one of the first instances of distortion, and the beginning of\u202fa long process\u202fin which Palestinian life would be refigured,\u202fresignified, and weaponised. The struggle ever since has been over who gets to rule, to narrate, to belong. A struggle that Palestinians never relinquished. \u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The genocide in Gaza is the material core of negation, and the symbolic assault unfolding in Europe is not merely a distraction but a front in the same struggle. More than anything, what is at stake is the\u202ferasure of the Palestinian people and their historic struggle for land and dignity. While this assault on\u202fPalestinianness\u202fexposes the\u202fhypocrisies\u202fof European\u202fdemocracy\u202f\u2013 the hollowing out of free expression, the weaponisation of \u201cantisemitism\u201d and \u201cterrorism\u201d allegations \u2013\u202fthe real cause remains Palestine.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_1ea8ec-ff_0, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_1ea8ec-ff_0[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8678_1ea8ec-ff_0\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_1ea8ec-ff_0 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_1ea8ec-ff_0[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8678_1ea8ec-ff_0\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_1ea8ec-ff_0 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_1ea8ec-ff_0[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8678_1ea8ec-ff_0\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\r\n<h2 class=\"kt-adv-heading8678_1ea8ec-ff_0 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8678_1ea8ec-ff_0\"><strong>The Logic of Disappearance\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The attack on Palestinian symbols and slogans are experiments that test how far state and non-state institutions can go in banning fragments of Palestinian life. This logic serves several functions.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">First, the goal is to make Palestinians disappear from public life through bureaucratic, legal, and social mechanisms. Second, there is a consistent lowering of the threshold of criminalisation. The goal is to produce a climate of fear so that individuals and institutions enact self-censorship before the law even enforces silence. Third, this attack functions as a distortion of history. The reframing of Palestinian symbols and slogans of resistance as inherently violent is an attempt by European institutions to excise them from the struggle from which they emerge. Fourth, this redefinition produces the coloniser as innocent, so that Zionism appears morally blameless while Europe positions itself as the defender of liberal values.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These functions rely on the authority to decide what a symbol or slogan means in the first place.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_e759ce-9c, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_e759ce-9c[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8678_e759ce-9c\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_e759ce-9c mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_e759ce-9c[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8678_e759ce-9c\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_e759ce-9c img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_e759ce-9c[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8678_e759ce-9c\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\r\n<h2 class=\"kt-adv-heading8678_e759ce-9c wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8678_e759ce-9c\"><strong>Who Gets to Define\u00a0Meaning?<\/strong>\u00a0<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The power to decide what a symbol or slogan means is the power to decide who belongs and who does not. Repeatedly, Zionist organisations, state authorities, police forces, and courts claim the right to define Palestinian symbols and slogans \u2013 overriding the intent, history, and lived reality of the people who use them. Distorting their meaning becomes a form of knowledge production, where manufactured definitions justify repression and erasure. This is not merely a debate about interpretation, but a struggle over who has the power to fix meaning in law and public discourse.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Fixing meaning is a technology of colonial governance. When FTRTTS is declared a symbol of Hamas, its meaning is fixed, regardless of how Palestinians have used it for decades, let alone the fact that <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thenation.com\/article\/world\/its-time-to-confront-israels-version-of-from-the-river-to-the-sea\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Likud once used the same words to invoke genocide<\/a>. Classifying the Kuffiyeh as \u201cantisemitic\u201d erases its hundred-year history as <a href=\"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ccc\/article-abstract\/19\/1\/23\/8559750\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">peasant garb, rebel uniform, and national emblem<\/a>. Fixing meaning stops a symbol or slogan from moving, from accumulating new meanings and adapting to new contexts. Once fixed, it becomes easier to criminalise because the state cannot easily ban a slogan whose meaning shifts and mutates but can ban a slogan whose meaning has been pinned down, and the same logic applies to people since a people whose identity is fixed and stripped of complexity and history is a people that can be governed, policed, and ultimately erased.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In Europe, this struggle takes on a local dimension. Police officers, state prosecutors, and courts have further added to the Zionist distortion, giving it a local inflection. Manuals produced for the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vielfalt-mediathek.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Antisemitismus_Regishut_ANTISEMITISMUS-ERKENNEN.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Berlin police<\/a> and an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amadeu-antonio-stiftung.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/02AAS_actionkit_DRUCK_v2.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u201cAction Kit\u201d for schoolteachers<\/a>, have sought to \u201cexpose\u201d Palestinian symbols as hidden forms of anti-Jewish racism. These documents lend legitimacy to the escalating repression, as seen in the latest assessment of the Verfassungsschutz.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_4fb5ea-c6, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_4fb5ea-c6[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8678_4fb5ea-c6\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_4fb5ea-c6 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_4fb5ea-c6[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8678_4fb5ea-c6\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_4fb5ea-c6 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_4fb5ea-c6[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8678_4fb5ea-c6\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\r\n<h2 class=\"kt-adv-heading8678_4fb5ea-c6 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8678_4fb5ea-c6\"><strong>Refusing Fixity<\/strong>\u00a0<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">But meaning refuses to stay fixed. Just as <a href=\"https:\/\/ujcontent.uj.ac.za\/esploro\/outputs\/conferencePaper\/Seeds-of-freedom--The-watermelon\/9959308007691?institution=27UOJ_INST\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">the watermelon became a way to circumvent the banning of the Palestinian flag after 1967<\/a>, new versions of FTRTTS have emerged to evade European criminalisation. In Berlin, protesters have chanted \u201cFrom the Risa to the Spree\u201d, a play on words replacing \u201criver\u201d with \u201cRisa\u201d, a popular chicken shop, and \u201csea\u201d with the Spree River that runs through Berlin. The slogan is absurd, and that is precisely the point. It mocks the very logic of criminalisation by exposing its limits, as a whole state institution must now debate whether demanding freedom \u201cfrom the Risa to the Spree\u201d constitutes \u201cantisemitism\u201d. The more attempts are made to fix meaning, the more meanings proliferate, forcing the system to catch up, issue new rulings, and expand the list of banned phrases.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These creative refusals are acts of political imagination. But legal battles are also part of the struggle. ELSC-supported litigation has challenged the criminalisation of FTRTTS, and the <a href=\"https:\/\/elsc.support\/de\/palestinian-symbols-banned-at-holocaust-memorial-site-buchenwald-germany\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Buchenwald ban on the Kuffiyeh<\/a>, exposing contradictions and unwritten rules of the system. Courtrooms have become spaces where not only the legality of bans has come under scrutiny, but where the multifaceted history and world-building invoked by Palestinian symbols and slogans have been discussed at length.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has--font-size\"><strong>Conclusion<\/strong>\u00a0<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Although our work at the ELSC is focused on Europe, to treat the attack on Palestinian symbols and slogans as merely a European story is to miss its transnational character.\u202fThe same slogan can be criminalised in Berlin and <a href=\"https:\/\/elsc.support\/victory-from-the-river-to-the-sea-is-protected-speech-dutch-court-rules\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">protected in Amsterdam<\/a>.This inconsistency is a feature of a system that is still experimenting \u2013 and responding to resistances \u2013 testing how far it can go in making Palestinian life invisible. But because symbols and slogans circulate, because they\u202ftravel and adapt\u202fand refuse to stay still, the experiment keeps failing. A slogan chanted in a\u202fdozen languages on every continent cannot be criminalised, and the meaning of a people who are constantly, creatively, stubbornly\u202f<em>on the move<\/em>\u202fwhile also persisting on their land cannot be fixed. \u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">What we have outlined here constitutes an attack on shared identity, an attempt to make Palestinians invisible even to each other. Ordinary objects such as maps, bracelets, stickers, and scarves, represent <a href=\"https:\/\/d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net\/115929751\/s10624-018-9505-x20240612-1-ll8sy5-libre.pdf?1718220142=&amp;response-content-disposition=inline%3B+filename%3DMaterializing_the_nation_in_everyday_lif.pdf&amp;Expires=1779106301&amp;Signature=RNs4kLqwc4KofD4~7M0xt5XvFkZ3XYccm76ik2Vb1vg~Zsk4HcxxwS~PCCqwaj215LKHhN1DwsvX34DdFdfa0LWIbbm1TCyNYefYAzcgZvlpmt1fuNnB9o8n~PRNj2ckLan0P3DnO72JUeicN8LM8oZPNpFNSqmuffPqbxDZpjkdclpqiAlU13imo0wOcYHrvfbCVUAew5Rt5JCjRYhwMXkPYcEVmtYvekmLc9SG7RAsiXZ3EUE-8YM2vJiAmWWTgOdPiX5Oji1ypOJvgViuCgEw8fhVcGMyx4OnIysHFUSBOyQdTINko9Gfy9XsBXCPhPbNOcrjbj2G6r7sWxwL9A__&amp;Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u201ceveryday nationhood\u201d<\/a>.\u202fThey are the small, often unremarked materials through\u202fwhich\u202fa people recognises itself and its continuity.\u202fThat is precisely why Zionism wants them gone. Yet Palestinians insist that partition and acquiescence are not liberation \u2013 <em>return<\/em> is.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"kt-adv-heading4686_955820-1d_0 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading has-theme-palette-1-color has-text-color\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading4686_955820-1d_0\"><strong>ELSC Research\u00a0&amp; Monitoring\u00a0Department\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n\r\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading4686_6633bc-9a_0, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading4686_6633bc-9a_0[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading4686_6633bc-9a_0\"]{padding-top:0px;margin-top:0px;font-size:var(--global-kb-font-size-sm, 0.9rem);font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading4686_6633bc-9a_0 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading4686_6633bc-9a_0[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading4686_6633bc-9a_0\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading4686_6633bc-9a_0 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading4686_6633bc-9a_0[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading4686_6633bc-9a_0\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"kt-adv-heading4686_6633bc-9a_0 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading4686_6633bc-9a_0\">The ELSC\u00a0Research\u00a0and Monitoring\u00a0Department is the investigative backbone of our work, documenting and analysing the growing threats to the Palestine solidarity movement in\u00a0Europe and\u00a0exposing how this repression functions as a tool to pre-emptively dismantle dissent.<\/p>\r\n<p>Footnotes:<\/p>\r\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">[1]<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Criminalisation here refers not only to formal bans but also to the broader web of arrests, court rulings, and institutional sanctions that make Palestinian expression legally precarious.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">[2]<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> For example, see incident INC-4107-J8M1 on the <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Index of Repression <\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">platform, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.index-of-repression.org\/de\/platform\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/www.index-of-repression.org\/de\/platform.<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">[3]<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> For example, see incident INC-3194-T6Y9 on the <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Index of Repression <\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">platform, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.index-of-repression.org\/de\/platform\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/www.index-of-repression.org\/de\/platform.<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0 <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">[4]<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> For example, see incident INC-3288-Q2B0 on the <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Index of Repression <\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">platform, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.index-of-repression.org\/de\/platform\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/www.index-of-repression.org\/de\/platform.<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">[5]<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> See incident INC-1824-T8S0 on the <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Index of Repression <\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">platform, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.index-of-repression.org\/uk\/platform\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/www.index-of-repression.org\/uk\/platform.<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">[6]<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> See incident <\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">INC-2995-Z2R5 on the <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Index of Repression <\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"none\">platform, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.index-of-repression.org\/uk\/platform\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/www.index-of-repression.org\/uk\/platform.<\/span><\/a> <span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">[6]<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> For example, see incident INC-2412-J8X9<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> on the <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Index of Repression <\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"none\">platform, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.index-of-repression.org\/uk\/platform\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/www.index-of-repression.org\/uk\/platform.<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">[8]<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> For example, see incident INC-2933-L5J8 on the Index of Repression platform, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.index-of-repression.org\/uk\/platform\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/www.index-of-repression.org\/uk\/platform<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n<style>.kadence-column8779_70da18-5b > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);}.kadence-column8779_70da18-5b > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column8779_70da18-5b > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column8779_70da18-5b > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column8779_70da18-5b > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column8779_70da18-5b > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column8779_70da18-5b > .kt-inside-inner-col{background-color:var(--global-palette8, #F7FAFC);}.kadence-column8779_70da18-5b > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column8779_70da18-5b{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column8779_70da18-5b > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column8779_70da18-5b > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column8779_70da18-5b\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8779_52c47b-29, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8779_52c47b-29[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8779_52c47b-29\"]{margin-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);font-size:var(--global-kb-font-size-sm, 0.9rem);font-style:normal;text-transform:uppercase;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8779_52c47b-29 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8779_52c47b-29[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8779_52c47b-29\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8779_52c47b-29 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8779_52c47b-29[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8779_52c47b-29\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<p class=\"kt-adv-heading8779_52c47b-29 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading has-theme-palette-1-color has-text-color\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8779_52c47b-29\"><strong>Contribute to the Blog<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8779_cc0b23-8a, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8779_cc0b23-8a[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8779_cc0b23-8a\"]{font-size:var(--global-kb-font-size-sm, 0.9rem);font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8779_cc0b23-8a mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8779_cc0b23-8a[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8779_cc0b23-8a\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8779_cc0b23-8a img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8779_cc0b23-8a[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8779_cc0b23-8a\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<p class=\"kt-adv-heading8779_cc0b23-8a wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8779_cc0b23-8a\">We encourage contributions that provide legal analysis, political reflection, strategic insights, movement experiences, interviews, and briefings relevant to Palestine solidarity and anti-Palestinian repression across Europe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons has-custom-font-size has-small-font-size is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button has-custom-width wp-block-button__width-25 is-style-outline is-style-outline--1\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/elsc.support\/blog-contribute\/\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">Contribute<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\r\n\r\n<style>.kadence-column8778_a4077e-aa > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-left:0px;}.kadence-column8778_a4077e-aa > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column8778_a4077e-aa > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column8778_a4077e-aa > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column8778_a4077e-aa > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column8778_a4077e-aa > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column8778_a4077e-aa > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column8778_a4077e-aa{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column8778_a4077e-aa > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column8778_a4077e-aa > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column8778_a4077e-aa\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><div class=\"wp-block-kadence-query wp-block-kadence-query8778_0e556a-20 kadence-query-init kb-query-basic-style animation-overlay kb-query\" data-id=\"8749\" data-infinite-scroll=\"\">\n<style>.kb-pro-masonry-init .wp-block-kadence-query-card8778_082ce0-b9.wp-block-kadence-query-card .kb-query-grid-wrap{columns:3;}.kb-pro-masonry-init .wp-block-kadence-query-card8778_082ce0-b9.wp-block-kadence-query-card .kb-query-grid-wrap .kb-query-item{margin-bottom:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);}.wp-block-kadence-query-card8778_082ce0-b9.wp-block-kadence-query-card .kb-query-grid-wrap.kb-query-grid-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(3, 1fr);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);}.wp-block-kadence-query-card8778_082ce0-b9 .kb-query-grid-wrap .kb-query-item.kb-query-block-post{box-shadow:0px 6px 20px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);background:normal;border-top-left-radius:4px;border-top-right-radius:4px;border-bottom-right-radius:4px;border-bottom-left-radius:4px;overflow:hidden;}.wp-block-kadence-query-card8778_082ce0-b9 .kb-query-grid-wrap .kb-query-item.kb-query-block-post:hover{background:normal;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-pro-masonry-init .wp-block-kadence-query-card8778_082ce0-b9.wp-block-kadence-query-card .kb-query-grid-wrap{columns:2;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-query-card8778_082ce0-b9.wp-block-kadence-query-card .kb-query-grid-wrap.kb-query-grid-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(2, 1fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-pro-masonry-init .wp-block-kadence-query-card8778_082ce0-b9.wp-block-kadence-query-card .kb-query-grid-wrap{columns:1;}.wp-block-kadence-query-card8778_082ce0-b9.wp-block-kadence-query-card .kb-query-grid-wrap.kb-query-grid-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(1, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"wp-block-kadence-query-card8778_082ce0-b9 wp-block-kadence-query-card\" data-max-num-pages=\"1\"><div class=\"overlay\"><\/div><ul class=\"kb-query-grid-wrap\" data-item-selector=\"kb-query-item\"><li class=\"kb-query-item kb-query-block-post post-4686 blog type-blog status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry blog_categories-movement-perspectives\"><div class=\"kb-query-item-flip-back\"><\/div>\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-image.kb-image8778_fba711-b7:not(.kb-specificity-added):not(.kb-extra-specificity-added){margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kb-image8778_fba711-b7 .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;}<\/style>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image8778_fba711-b7 kb-image-is-ratio-size\"><a href=\"https:\/\/elsc.support\/nl\/blog\/institutionalisation-of-the-german-palestine-solidarity-movement\/\" class=\"kb-advanced-image-link\"><div class=\"kb-is-ratio-image kb-image-ratio-land32\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elsc.support\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/The-Institutionalisation-of-the-German-Palestine-Solidarity-Movement-768x432.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"768\" height=\"432\" class=\"kb-img wp-image-8843 \" srcset=\"https:\/\/elsc.support\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/The-Institutionalisation-of-the-German-Palestine-Solidarity-Movement-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/elsc.support\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/The-Institutionalisation-of-the-German-Palestine-Solidarity-Movement-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/elsc.support\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/The-Institutionalisation-of-the-German-Palestine-Solidarity-Movement-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/elsc.support\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/The-Institutionalisation-of-the-German-Palestine-Solidarity-Movement-18x10.png 18w, https:\/\/elsc.support\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/The-Institutionalisation-of-the-German-Palestine-Solidarity-Movement.png 1366w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/div><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column8778_991984-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);}.kadence-column8778_991984-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column8778_991984-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column8778_991984-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column8778_991984-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column8778_991984-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column8778_991984-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column8778_991984-07{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column8778_991984-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column8778_991984-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column8778_991984-07\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kb-dynamic-list.kb-dynamic-list-id-8778_891653-80 .kb-dynamic-list-item{font-size:var(--global-kb-font-size-sm, 0.9rem);}<\/style><ul class=\"wp-block-kadence-dynamiclist kb-dynamic-list kb-dynamic-list-id-8778_891653-80 kb-dynamic-list-layout-horizontal kb-dynamic-list-style-basic kb-dynamic-list-alignment-left kb-dynamic-list-link-style-none\"><li class=\"kb-dynamic-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/elsc.support\/nl\/blog_categories\/movement-perspectives\/\" class=\"kb-dynamic-list-item-link\">Movement Perspectives<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8778_7108fd-6f, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8778_7108fd-6f[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8778_7108fd-6f\"]{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);text-align:left;font-size:26px;line-height:1.5;font-style:normal;color:var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8778_7108fd-6f mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8778_7108fd-6f[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8778_7108fd-6f\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8778_7108fd-6f img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8778_7108fd-6f[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8778_7108fd-6f\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/elsc.support\/nl\/blog\/institutionalisation-of-the-german-palestine-solidarity-movement\/\" class=\"kb-advanced-heading-link kt-adv-heading-link8778_7108fd-6f\"><p class=\"kt-adv-heading8778_7108fd-6f wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8778_7108fd-6f\">Institutionalisation from below: A testimony from Exposing Zalando<\/p><\/a>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/li><li class=\"kb-query-item kb-query-block-post post-8680 blog type-blog status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry blog_categories-legal-analysis-commentary\"><div class=\"kb-query-item-flip-back\"><\/div>\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-image.kb-image8778_fba711-b7:not(.kb-specificity-added):not(.kb-extra-specificity-added){margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kb-image8778_fba711-b7 .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;}<\/style>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image8778_fba711-b7 kb-image-is-ratio-size\"><a href=\"https:\/\/elsc.support\/nl\/blog\/block-the-boat-disrupting-arms-deliveries-to-israel\/\" class=\"kb-advanced-image-link\"><div class=\"kb-is-ratio-image kb-image-ratio-land32\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elsc.support\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Block-the-Boat_-ELSCs-Role-in-Disrupting-Individual-Arms-Deliveries-to-Israel-768x432.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"768\" height=\"432\" class=\"kb-img wp-image-8841 \" srcset=\"https:\/\/elsc.support\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Block-the-Boat_-ELSCs-Role-in-Disrupting-Individual-Arms-Deliveries-to-Israel-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/elsc.support\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Block-the-Boat_-ELSCs-Role-in-Disrupting-Individual-Arms-Deliveries-to-Israel-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/elsc.support\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Block-the-Boat_-ELSCs-Role-in-Disrupting-Individual-Arms-Deliveries-to-Israel-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/elsc.support\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Block-the-Boat_-ELSCs-Role-in-Disrupting-Individual-Arms-Deliveries-to-Israel-18x10.png 18w, https:\/\/elsc.support\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Block-the-Boat_-ELSCs-Role-in-Disrupting-Individual-Arms-Deliveries-to-Israel.png 1366w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/div><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column8778_991984-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);}.kadence-column8778_991984-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column8778_991984-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column8778_991984-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column8778_991984-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column8778_991984-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column8778_991984-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column8778_991984-07{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column8778_991984-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column8778_991984-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column8778_991984-07\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kb-dynamic-list.kb-dynamic-list-id-8778_891653-80 .kb-dynamic-list-item{font-size:var(--global-kb-font-size-sm, 0.9rem);}<\/style><ul class=\"wp-block-kadence-dynamiclist kb-dynamic-list kb-dynamic-list-id-8778_891653-80 kb-dynamic-list-layout-horizontal kb-dynamic-list-style-basic kb-dynamic-list-alignment-left kb-dynamic-list-link-style-none\"><li class=\"kb-dynamic-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/elsc.support\/nl\/blog_categories\/legal-analysis-commentary\/\" class=\"kb-dynamic-list-item-link\">Legal Analysis &amp; Commentary<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8778_7108fd-6f, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8778_7108fd-6f[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8778_7108fd-6f\"]{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);text-align:left;font-size:26px;line-height:1.5;font-style:normal;color:var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8778_7108fd-6f mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8778_7108fd-6f[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8778_7108fd-6f\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8778_7108fd-6f img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8778_7108fd-6f[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8778_7108fd-6f\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/elsc.support\/nl\/blog\/block-the-boat-disrupting-arms-deliveries-to-israel\/\" class=\"kb-advanced-heading-link kt-adv-heading-link8778_7108fd-6f\"><p class=\"kt-adv-heading8778_7108fd-6f wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8778_7108fd-6f\">Block the boat: ELSC&#8217;s role in disrupting arms deliveries to Israel<\/p><\/a>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/li><li class=\"kb-query-item kb-query-block-post post-8678 blog type-blog status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry blog_categories-political-analysis\"><div class=\"kb-query-item-flip-back\"><\/div>\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-image.kb-image8778_fba711-b7:not(.kb-specificity-added):not(.kb-extra-specificity-added){margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kb-image8778_fba711-b7 .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;}<\/style>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image8778_fba711-b7 kb-image-is-ratio-size\"><a href=\"https:\/\/elsc.support\/nl\/blog\/hostile-symbols-slogans-the-attack-on-palestinian-presence-in-europe\/\" class=\"kb-advanced-image-link\"><div class=\"kb-is-ratio-image kb-image-ratio-land32\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elsc.support\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Hostile-Symbols-Slogans_-The-Attack-on-Palestinian-Presence-in-Europe-768x432.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"768\" height=\"432\" class=\"kb-img wp-image-8842 \" srcset=\"https:\/\/elsc.support\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Hostile-Symbols-Slogans_-The-Attack-on-Palestinian-Presence-in-Europe-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/elsc.support\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Hostile-Symbols-Slogans_-The-Attack-on-Palestinian-Presence-in-Europe-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/elsc.support\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Hostile-Symbols-Slogans_-The-Attack-on-Palestinian-Presence-in-Europe-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/elsc.support\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Hostile-Symbols-Slogans_-The-Attack-on-Palestinian-Presence-in-Europe-18x10.png 18w, https:\/\/elsc.support\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Hostile-Symbols-Slogans_-The-Attack-on-Palestinian-Presence-in-Europe.png 1366w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/div><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column8778_991984-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);}.kadence-column8778_991984-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column8778_991984-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column8778_991984-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column8778_991984-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column8778_991984-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column8778_991984-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column8778_991984-07{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column8778_991984-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column8778_991984-07 > .kt-inside-inner-col{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column8778_991984-07\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kb-dynamic-list.kb-dynamic-list-id-8778_891653-80 .kb-dynamic-list-item{font-size:var(--global-kb-font-size-sm, 0.9rem);}<\/style><ul class=\"wp-block-kadence-dynamiclist kb-dynamic-list kb-dynamic-list-id-8778_891653-80 kb-dynamic-list-layout-horizontal kb-dynamic-list-style-basic kb-dynamic-list-alignment-left kb-dynamic-list-link-style-none\"><li class=\"kb-dynamic-list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/elsc.support\/nl\/blog_categories\/political-analysis\/\" class=\"kb-dynamic-list-item-link\">Political Analysis<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8778_7108fd-6f, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8778_7108fd-6f[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8778_7108fd-6f\"]{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xxs, 0.5rem);text-align:left;font-size:26px;line-height:1.5;font-style:normal;color:var(--global-palette3, #1A202C);}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8778_7108fd-6f mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8778_7108fd-6f[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8778_7108fd-6f\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8778_7108fd-6f img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8778_7108fd-6f[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8778_7108fd-6f\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/elsc.support\/nl\/blog\/hostile-symbols-slogans-the-attack-on-palestinian-presence-in-europe\/\" class=\"kb-advanced-heading-link kt-adv-heading-link8778_7108fd-6f\"><p class=\"kt-adv-heading8778_7108fd-6f wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8778_7108fd-6f\">\u201cHostile\u201d Symbols &amp;\u00a0Slogans:\u00a0The Attack on Palestinian\u00a0Presence\u00a0in Europe\u00a0<\/p><\/a>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\r\n\r\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_01d053-af, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_01d053-af[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8678_01d053-af\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_01d053-af mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_01d053-af[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8678_01d053-af\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_01d053-af img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8678_01d053-af[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8678_01d053-af\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>","protected":false},"featured_media":8842,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kadence_starter_templates_imported_post":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"default","_kad_post_title":"default","_kad_post_layout":"default","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"default","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"default","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":""},"blog_categories":[216],"class_list":["post-8678","blog","type-blog","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","blog_categories-political-analysis"],"acf":[],"taxonomy_info":{"blog_categories":[{"value":216,"label":"Political Analysis"}]},"featured_image_src_large":["https:\/\/elsc.support\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Hostile-Symbols-Slogans_-The-Attack-on-Palestinian-Presence-in-Europe-1024x576.png",1024,576,true],"author_info":[],"comment_info":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/elsc.support\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog\/8678","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/elsc.support\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/elsc.support\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/blog"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/elsc.support\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8842"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/elsc.support\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8678"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"blog_categories","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/elsc.support\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog_categories?post=8678"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}